Which dietary practice is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases?

A plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases due to its emphasis on whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains. These foods are rich in essential nutrients, fiber, and antioxidants, which contribute to improved health outcomes. Research has consistently shown that individuals who follow a plant-based diet have lower rates of heart disease, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. This dietary approach is also linked to healthier weight management and improved metabolic markers.

In contrast, a high-protein diet, while potentially beneficial for building muscle or weight loss in the short term, may not provide the same protective effects against chronic diseases if it emphasizes animal protein and neglects plant foods. Reducing fat intake exclusively might lead to imbalances in essential fatty acid intake and overlook the benefits of healthy fats, which are critical to overall health. Incorporating more dairy products can vary in impact depending on individual tolerance and the types of dairy consumed; however, excessive dairy intake may not necessarily offer the broad protective effects seen with a well-rounded plant-based diet.