What is a potential outcome of high sugar consumption?

High sugar consumption can lead to dental issues primarily due to the way sugar interacts with the bacteria in the mouth. When sugar is consumed, it serves as a food source for these bacteria, which produce acids as a byproduct. These acids can erode tooth enamel, leading to cavities and other dental problems over time. This process highlights the importance of maintaining oral hygiene and reducing sugar intake to protect dental health.

In contrast, the other options suggest outcomes that are not typically associated with high sugar consumption. Increased physical activity is usually linked to healthier lifestyle choices that may involve lower sugar intake. A reduced risk of diabetes is contrary to the effects of high sugar, which can actually increase the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Lastly, while some might believe that sugar can provide a quick energy boost, excessive sugar can lead to energy crashes and may not enhance mental clarity; rather, it can result in mood swings and a decrease in cognitive function over time.